Data on Hindu, Muslim Populations of Indian Subcontinent

From: ag3l+@andrew.cmu.edu (Arun K. Gupta)
Subject: Pop. Stats.
Date: 7 Sep 91 20:13:44 GMT
Organization: Physics, Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA

Some limited info. is gathered below.

Some population data:

[ Note: this data has been compiled from a variety of sources, so it
probably is of variable quality. Moreover comments regarding accuracy
etc. have not been quoted.].

***
Undivided India
Percent of Total Population in Each Religion 1881-1941

"By far the majority of millions who leave the tribal religions do so
by drifting into Hinduism. .... [But] In the first place, though
Hinduism gains by accretion more in absolute numbers than any other
religion, it probably also loses more. .... In the second place Hindus
apparently have a low fertility compared to Animists, Sikhs, Christians
and Muslims. This low fertility is due, partly, to the high proportion
of widows in the Hindu population -- a proportion that is higher than
for any other religious group except the Jains. ....in any case it is
worth noting the the ratio of children [aged 0-4] per 1000 MARRIED
women among the Hindus is just as low, compared with other religions,
as the ratio per 1000 of ALL women. " [1] (italics converted to upper-case).
***

[2]
Millions (1988 est.) Hindu Muslim (1982)

adding another line to the first table:

India + Bangladesh + Pakistan
Hindu Muslim
1980s 63.8 28.2

***

India:
(derived from [3] )

***

Pakistan (West Pakistan)

Muslim Hindu Hindu Pop. [estimated] [thousands]
1941 78 ? [4] ?
1951 97.1 1.6 [5] 540 [5]
1961 97.2 [4] 1.45? [6] 622 ?[6]
1972 96.75 1.44 [7] 281 Caste Hindus + 618 Scheduled Caste [7]
1981 96.7 1.51 [7] 1272 (estimated using [7]

(as you can see, the data I have for Pakistan is rather poor).
(no doubt [1] has data for 1941, but i was running short of time)
(for 1951 the data given in [4] and [5] don't match; [5] quotes
directly from the census).
(it doesn't square with the Economist data, for example ).
Can someone quote directly from the census figures ?

***
Bangladesh (East Pakistan)

Muslim Hindu

1941 70.4 ? [4]
1951 76.8 22.0 [5]
1961 80.4[4] 18.5? [6]

1982 85.9 12.7 [2]

****
Help in completing the tables would be appreciated.
arun
ag3L@andrew.cmu.edu

*** ***
[1] : Davis Kingsley, The Population of India and Pakistan, ~1951.
[2] : Economist Book of Vital World Statistics, 1990
[3] : Hindustan Yearbooks
[4] : Wilber, David, Pakistan
[5] : A Survey of Pakistan Society, (Human Relations Area Files Inc.)
[6] : Stephens, Ian, Pakistan
[7] : Pakistan Official Handbooks